Toxicological analysis and research related to pac

Toxicological analysis and research related to packaging

first, the existing forms of toxic substances. It can be roughly divided into the following three situations:

① the substance itself is toxic

such as various pesticides, household pesticides, etc., many heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic, and chemical raw materials such as benzene, formaldehyde, cyanogen, etc. are toxic, and some are highly toxic. These poisons must be properly packed. And in the packaging process, try not to let the human body directly contact these substances. ② toxic substances contained in products volatilize to pollute the air during use, which is common in the packaging industry. Paint and glue are two commonly used substances in the packaging industry. It may contain various measurement and control systems: heavy metals and organic volatiles. Organic volatiles such as formaldehyde may be used in wood-based panels and paperboards, which are easy to volatilize when molded into packaging. Another example is that the pigments used in making containers from crystal glass are often toxic. When making and using pottery, you may encounter the problem of lead and cadmium poisoning. When making metal containers, we will encounter lead containing solder and so on. ③ the product itself is not toxic, but it will produce toxic substances under certain conditions. Such as chemical reaction with other substances or thermal decomposition, etc. Many plastics will decompose under high temperature, producing a variety of toxic substances. Commonly used packaging materials, such as foamed plastics known as white pollution, will produce toxins and damage the liver when the temperature is above 60 ℃. If these materials are used for packaging, they cannot be in a high-temperature environment. For example, automatic strapping machines will release harmful smoke when hot melting and bonding plastic strapping belts. However, international standards or industry standards measure the physical properties of various materials and often directly hit the operator's eyes, mouth and nose, stimulating the operator's eyes and respiratory system. Another situation is that when these materials and packages are used for food packaging, they will have a toxic effect on the Department of human equipment industry in resolutely implementing the decisions and arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council. A common example is ordinary polyethylene plastic bags. Second, the harm of toxic substances to human health. There are generally the following situations:

① corrosivity, such as various acids and bases, various cleaning agents, removers, etc

② irritant volatile gases will irritate people's eyes, mouth, nose, throat, etc. Sometimes it can cause allergies and rashes

③ toxic substances can affect almost all organs and tissues of human body. Studies have shown that carbon monoxide, manganese, lead, mercury, methylmercury, etc. can damage the brain; Carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, etc. will damage the heart; Mercury and cadmium can damage the kidney; Selenium and chlorinated hydrocarbons can damage the liver; Fluorine, lead, zinc, etc. will damage bones; Arsenic, beryllium, nickel, chromium, acid and alkali will damage the skin; Chlorine and cadmium can damage blood vessels; Lead, fluorine, arsenic, vanadium, etc. will damage the intestines; Fluorine and selenium can damage teeth; Formaldehyde and other volatile gases can damage eyes, nose and throat; Benzene will damage hematopoietic function; Asbestos, dust, radon, sulfur dioxide, ammonia, cadmium, ozone, nickel carbonate, hydrogen sulfide, etc. will damage the lungs and so on

④ many printing machines and detection equipment used in the radioactive packaging industry will produce ion rays. At present, people are generally concerned about major poisons to human body, such as fatal or carcinogenic, while ignoring other forms of poisons to people's physical and mental health, such as headache, depression, etc